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Manila City History...
Pre- Spanish Manila was a Moslem settlement ruled by Rajah Sulayman, a Moslem sultan of Bornean nobility. It was then called Maynilad, from the word “nilad,” a flowering shrub growing abundantly along the banks of Pasig river.
On May 5, 1570, the first Spanish expedition was sent to Manila, headed by Marshall Martin de Goiti and Captain Juan de Salcedo. This expedition however, proved to be unsuccessful that on June 24, 1571, Governor General Miguel Lopez de Legazpi brought his entire force for another expedition. Victorious over this conquest, the Spaniards proclaimed Manila as the country's capital and the permanent seat of the Spanish government in Asia. Governor General Miguel Lopez de Legazpi then ordered the creation of a municipal government or “cabildo” with a set of Spanish- style houses, monasteries, runneries, churches, and schools giving birth to Intramuros.
Under Spain, Manila became the colonial entrepot in the Far East. The Manila- Acapulco Galleon Trade between the Philippines and Mexico flourished from the years 1571- 1815. From the 16th to the 19th centuries, Manila was Intramuros.
Manila has led a far from placid existence. After Legazpi's conquests, the city was assaulted by a succession of Chinese warlords, Dutch and Portuguese, fleets from Indonesia, and a British Occupation Force. It underwent a facelift in 1898 after the Americans took over the Spanish rule. A four-year occupation by the Japanese Imperial Forces followed from 1942- 1946. Manila was not spared from the ravages brought about by bombings and violent killings and it was left practically in ruins at the close of World War II. With the birth of the Philippine Republic on July 4, 1946, Manila became the Premier City of the Philippines.
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